A new study has found that blocking a specific protein in mice can significantly extend their healthspan and lifespan. This protein, called IL-11, is part of the IL-6 family and is known for its role in inflammation. Scientists discovered that as mice age, the levels of IL-11 increase, leading to various age-related health issues.

The researchers conducted experiments by deleting the gene responsible for IL-11 in mice. They found that these genetically modified mice lived, on average, 24.9% longer than normal mice. Furthermore, when older mice (equivalent to around 55 human years) were treated with an anti-IL-11 therapy, their lifespans increased by about 22.5% for males and 25% for females.

IL-11 affects key pathways in the body, including ERK, AMPK, and mTORC1, which are crucial for regulating metabolism and inflammation. By blocking IL-11, these pathways remain balanced, leading to improved metabolism, muscle function, and reduced signs of aging such as frailty. For instance, older mice treated with anti-IL-11 showed better muscle strength and reduced metabolic decline.

The study suggests that targeting IL-11 could be a promising approach to extending healthspan and lifespan in humans. Currently, anti-IL-11 therapy is being tested in clinical trials for treating fibrotic lung diseases. If successful, this treatment might also help older adults live healthier, longer lives by delaying age-related diseases and improving overall health.

This breakthrough highlights the potential of anti-inflammatory therapies in combating aging and offers hope for new treatments that could enhance the quality and length of life for people as they grow older.